| Mass Flow for Chutes and Cone Shaped Hopper
Outlets
Mass flow is the angle that allows material
to move without binding to the chute or hopper surface. It
improves material through-put, prevents segregation, rat-holing,
and corrosion based wear from material that clings to the
wall surface. Easier mass flow allows less steep hopper and
chute angles for more efficient and flexible hopper design.
The data below show the minimum angles that
non-converging chutes and non-converging cone shaped hopper
funnels need to achieve mass flow. The hopper outlet diameter
for this data is two feet. The calculations are based on bulk
material made of eastern bituminous coal and western coal
from the Powder River Basin. Angles are measured from the
horizontal where 0° would be perfectly flat. UHMW and
stainless steel data are from published materials of a major
manufacturer.
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